Pyometra in Dogs & Cats ( Multiple Cases )

Overview : Pyometra is a potentially life-threatening illness in middle-aged to older female pets. It is common in bitches and queens and usually diagnosed within 4 months of estrus.

Hormones and bacteria are involved in the disease development, and progesterone plays a key role.

Disorders of the endometrium such as cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) are considered predisposing factors, but pyometra and CEH can develop independently.

History

Diagnosis

  • Intact female , middle-aged to older (but can occur in young adults too)
  • Recently in heat (1–6 weeks prior)
  • Progressive lethargy over several days
  • Loss of appetite
  • Increased thirst and urination (PU/PD) – less common in cats than in dogs but possible
  • Vomiting or occasional retching
  • Abdominal distension
  • Unusual vaginal discharge (in open pyometra)
    • May be yellow, brown, bloody, or foul-smelling
    • Often noticed on bedding or around vulva
  • No interest in mating
  • Hiding, vocalizing, or seeming painful
  • Weight loss

A. Abdominal Radiographs

May show:

  • Enlarged tubular soft-tissue structures

🔸 Limitations:

  • May be inconclusive in obese cats or early cases
  • Not reliable in closed pyometra without significant distension

B. Abdominal Ultrasound (Most Useful)

  • Dilated, fluid-filled uterine horns
  • Uterine wall thickening
  • Fluid appears echogenic (contains pus/debris)

Ultrasound is the gold standard for visual confirmation.

Case1 : Pyometra in 7 years old Cat

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